Master Preparation II

Lesson 6. The closed center:
Static pawn chains in the King's Indian.

Lecture by UMBC Chess Coach Igor Epshteyn

Closed positions in the King's Indian Defense are typically characterized with White pawns at c4, d5, e4, and with Black pawns at e5, d6, and sometimes c5. As with other positions with closed center, space is usually more important than time, and play focuses on the flanks.

In such positions, many players as Black will delay playing c5 until and unless they judge the resulting fully closed center as advantageous to them. Until such time, the Black c-pawn can stand at c7 or c6, leaving the c5 square open for a knight. Such players might judge the closed position advantageous if their pieces can cooperate to achieve position goals.

Since the central pawns block each other, and since the central squares are occupied by pawns, play on the flanks is crucial. In particular, Black typically strives for a breakthrough on the queenside with b7-5, or a breakthrough on the kingside with f7-5. Similarly, White typically strives for b2-4 and with invasion on the queenside, or possibly a kingside pawn storm with h2-4, g2-4. Often it is advantageous to pursue multiple goals, such as playing, or threatening to play, on either side.

In Game 1, White exploits a superiority in space. First, White open lines and invades on the queenside, deflecting some of Black's forces. As in last week's game, White opens a file on the queenside; but in today's game (as is typical in the King's Indian Defense as opposed to the Spanish), White exploits the b-file rather than the a-file. Next, following the principle of playing against two weaknesses, White maneuvers his pieces against Black's kingside. In this game interesting questions arise involving what pieces should be traded.


Game 1: Taimanov-Geller (Zurich, 1953, Candidate's tournament)

1. d4 Nf6
2. c4 g6
3. Nc3 Bg7
4. e4 0-0
5. Nf3 d6
6. Be2 e5
7. 0-0 Nbd7
8. Re1 c6
9. Bf1 Re8
10. d5 c5
11. g3 Nf8
12. a3 Ng4
13. Nh4 a6
14. Bd2 h5
15. h3 Nf6
16. b4 b6
17. bxc5 bxc5
18. Rb1 N6d7
19. Qa4 Bf6
20. Nf3 h4
21. Nd1 hxg3
22. fxg3 Nb8
23. Re3 Nh7
24. Reb3 Bd7
25. Qa5 Qc8
26. Nf2 Bd8
27. Qc3 Ba4
28. R3b2 Nd7
29. h4 Ra7
30. Bh3 Qc7
31. Ng5 Nxg5
32. Bxg5 Bxg5
33. hxg5 Kg7
34. Qf3 Qd8
35. Rb7 Rxb7
36. Rxb7 Kg8
37. Bxd7 Bxd7
38. Ng4 Qxg5
39. Rxd7 f5
40. exf5 Rb8
1-0

Position 1: Averbach-Kotov (Zurich, 1953)

White (to move): Kh2, Qc2, Rc1, Rd1, Be3, Nc3, a2, b2, c4, d5, e4, f2, g2, h3.
Black: Kh8, Qd7, Rb8, Re8, Bf8, Nh6, a5, b7, c5, d6, e5, f7, g6, h7.

Homework 1: Polagaevsky-Geller (USSR Championship, 1973)

White (to move): Ke1, Qd1, Ra1, Rh1, Be2, Bh4, Nc3, Nd2, a2, b2, c4, d5, e4, f3, g2, h2/
Black: Kg8, Qc7, Ra8, Rf8, Bc8, Bg7, Nb8, Nh7, a6, b7, c5, d6, e5, f7, g6, h6.

Questions:

  1. What are weak squares for White? For Black?
  2. Where should White start activity, and how should Black respond to such activity?
  3. What pieces should White exchange and why? Same question for Black.
  4. Identify and analyze four to six candidate moves.

Homework 2: Petrossian-Gligorich (Zurich, 1953)

White: Kb1, Qf2, Rc1, Rc2, Bf1, Ne2, a2, b2, d5, e4, f3, h4.
Black (to move): Kh8, Qd8, Ra5, Rd4, Bg6, Nd6, c7, e5, f4, h7.

In this position, Black missed the opportunity to play Rxe4. Analyze the variations resulting from this move.


Homework 3: Geller-Gligorich (Zurich, 1953)

White: Kb1, Qd2, Rc2, Rd1, Bb3, Bf2, Nc1, a2, b2, d5, e4, f3, g4, h5.
Black (to move): Kg7, Qb7, Ra6, Rc8, Bd7, Be7, Nf6, b5, c7, d6, e5, f4, g5, h6.